Violence versus civilians is depicted as one antecedent of polite war, a cause, or both. Civil war creates opportune environments for planning and also carrying out these acts the in turn deserve to have detrimental results on tranquility processes. Because not every civil war factions will certainly see peace as beneficial, part actors might use violence to weaken the peace talks. The rebels may use indiscriminate violence to demonstrate their capability to exact prices on the federal government thus forcing the latter to negotiate. This article focuses upon plot of violence committed by rebel groups throughout mediated peace process. The main hypothesis is that violence versus civilians boosts the probability that mediation that subsequently increases the prospects because that violence. Using all civil battle episodes native 1970 come 2008 as monitorings results from bivariate probit analysis endogenizing the choice of mediation bear out this theoretical argument.
You are watching: The logic of american politics 7th edition pdf download
| Azam, J.-P., Hoeffler, A. (2002). Violence versus civilians in polite wars: Looting or terror? newspaper of tranquility Research, 39, 461–485. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals |
| Balcells, L. (2010). Rivalry and revenge: Violence versus civilians in standard civil wars. Worldwide Studies Quarterly, 54, 291–313. Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI |
| Beardsley, K. (2008). Agreement without peace? worldwide mediation and time inconsistency problems. American journal of politics Science, 52, 723–740. Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI |
| Beardsley, K. (2011). The mediation dilemma. Ithaca, NY: Cornell college Press. Google Scholar | Crossref |
| Bercovitch, J., Anagnoson, J. T., Wille, D. J. (1991). Some conceptual issues and also empirical patterns in the research of effective mediation in global relations. Newspaper of peace Research, 28, 7–17. Google Scholar | SAGE journals | ISI |
| Bercovitch, J., DeRouen, K. (2004). Mediation in internationalized country conflicts: Assessing the components of a effective process. Equipped Forces and Society, 30, 147–170. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals |
| Bercovitch, J., Gartner, S. S. (2006). Is there a technique in the insanity of mediation? some lessons for mediators native quantitative studies of mediation. International Interactions, 32, 329–354. Google Scholar | Crossref |
| Bercovitch, J., Jackson, R. (2001). Negotiation or mediation? An exploration of determinants affecting the choice of conflict management in international conflict. Negotiation Journal, 17, 59–77. Google Scholar | Crossref |
| Boulden, J. (2009). Terrorism and civil wars. Polite Wars, 11, 5–21. Google Scholar | Crossref |
| Buhaug, H., Gates, S., Lujala, P. (2009). Geography, rebel capability, and the expression of civil conflict. Newspaper of conflict Resolution, 53, 544–569. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals |
| Burton, J. W. (1969). Conflict and communication: The use of controlled communication in worldwide relations. London: Macmillan and new York: cost-free Press. Google Scholar |
| Coleman, P. T. (2000). Intractable conflict. In Deutsch, M., Coleman, P. T. (Eds.), The handbook of conflict resolution: Theory and practice (p. 43, 428, 431, 433). Mountain Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass. Google Scholar |
| Crenshaw, M. (1981). The reasons of terrorism. Comparative Politics, 13, 379–399. Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI |
| Crocker, C. A., Hampson, F. O., Aall, P. R. (2004). Taming intractable conflicts: Mediation in the hardest cases. Washington, DC: U.S. Academy of tranquility Press. Google Scholar |
| Cronin, A. (2008). Exactly how terrorism ends: Lessons indigenous the decrease and death of terrorist groups. Princeton, NJ: Princeton college Press. Google Scholar |
| Cronin, A. (2010, 5). When have to we talk to terrorists? (U.S. Institute of tranquility Special Report 240). Retrieved indigenous http://www.usip.org/files/resources/SR240Cronin.pdfGoogle Scholar |
| Darby, J. (2001). The results of violence on peace processes. Washington, DC: U.S. Institute of Peace. Google Scholar |
| DeRouen, K., Bercovitch, J., Pospieszna, P. (2011). Presenting the Civil battles Mediation (CWM) dataset. Newspaper of tranquility Research, 48, 663–672. Google Scholar | SAGE newspaper | ISI |
| DeRouen, K., Bercovitch, J., Wei, J. (2009). Term of peace and recurring civil wars in southeast Asia and also the Pacific. Polite Wars, 11, 103–120. Google Scholar | Crossref |
| DeRouen, K., Goldfinch, S. (2005). Placing the numbers to work: ramifications for conflict prevention. Newspaper of tranquility Research, 42, 27–45. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals |
| Dixon, W. (1994). Democracy and also the peaceful settlement of global conflict. American Political science Review, 88, 14–32. Google Scholar | Crossref |
| Downes, A. B. (2007). Draining the sea by filling the graves: investigating the performance of indiscriminate violence together a counterinsurgency strategy. Polite Wars, 9, 420–444. Google Scholar | Crossref |
| Eck, K., Hultman, L. (2007). One-sided violence versus civilians in war: Insights from brand-new fatality data. Journal of peace Research, 44, 233. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals |
| Fearon, J. (2004). Why do some civil battles last so much longer than others? journal of tranquility Research, 41, 275–301. Google Scholar | SAGE newspaper | ISI |
| Findley, M. G., Young, J. K. (2012). Terrorism and civil war: A spatial and temporal strategy to a theoretical problem. Perspectives on Politics, 10, 285–305. Google Scholar | Crossref |
| Gartner, S. S. (2013). Deceptive results: Why mediation shows up to fail however actually succeeds. Penn State journal of worldwide Law and International Affairs, 2, 27–37. Google Scholar |
| Gartner, S. S., Bercovitch, J. (2006). Overcoming obstacles to peace: The contributions of mediation to short-lived conflict settlements. Global Studies Quarterly, 50, 319–328. Google Scholar | Crossref |
| Goodwin, J., Skocpol, T. (1989). Explaining revolutions in the modern-day Third World. Politics and Society, 17, 489–509. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals |
| Greig, J. M. (2005). Stepping into the fray: when do mediators mediate? American journal of politics Science, 49, 249–266. Google Scholar | Crossref |
| Greig, J. M., Diehl, P. F. (2006). Softening up: do conflicts an ext amenable to diplomacy. Global Interactions, 32, 355–384. Google Scholar | Crossref |
| Greene, W. H. (2011). Econometric analysis (7th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. Google Scholar |
| Heckman, J. (1979). Sample selection bias together a specification error. Econometrica, 47, 153–161. Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI |
| Herz, M., Nogueira, J. P. (2002). Ecuador vs. Peru: Peacemaking amid rivalry. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner. Google Scholar |
| Hoffman, B. (1998). Within terrorism. Brand-new York, NY: Columbia college Press. Google Scholar |
| Hultman, L. (2007). Fight losses and also rebel violence: elevating the costs for fighting. Terrorism and Political Violence, 19, 205–222. Google Scholar | Crossref |
| Hultman, L. (2009). The strength to ache in civil war: The strategy aim the RENAMO violence. Newspaper of southerly African Studies, 35, 821–834. Google Scholar | Crossref |
| Humphreys, M., Weinstein, J. (2006). Handling and manhandling in polite war. American Political science Review, 100, 429–447. Google Scholar | Crossref |
| Kalyvas, S. (1999). Wanton and also senseless: The logic of massacres in Algeria. Rationality and also Society, 11, 243–285. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals |
| Kalyvas, S. (2004). The paradox of terror in civil war. The newspaper of Ethics, 8, 97–138. Google Scholar | Crossref |
| Kalyvas, S. (2006). The reasonable of violence in polite wars. Cambridge, England: Cambridge college Press. Google Scholar | Crossref |
| Kisangani, E. F., Pickering, J. (2008). International military intervention, 1989–2005. Inter-University Consortium because that Political and Social Research, Data arsenal No. 21282, university of Michigan, Ann Arbor. Google Scholar |
| Kreutz, J. (2010). How and when armed conflicts end: introducing the UCDP dispute termination dataset. Journal of tranquility Research, 47, 243–250. Google Scholar | SAGE newspaper | ISI |
| Kreutz, J., Brosche, J. (2013). A responsibility to talk: Mediation and also violence against civilians. Canadian foreign Policy Journal, 19, 26–38. Google Scholar | Crossref |
| Kriesberg, L., Northrup, T. A., Thorson, S. J. (1989). Intractable conflicts and their transformation. New York, NY: Syracuse university Press. Google Scholar |
| Krueger, A., Laitin, D. D. (2008). Kto Kogo? A cross-country examine of the origins and targets of terrorism. In Keefer, P., Loayza, N. (Eds.), Terrorism, financial development, and political openness (pp. 148–173). Brand-new York, NY: Cambridge university Press. Google Scholar | Crossref |
| Kydd, A., Walter, B. (2006). The techniques of terrorism. International Security, 31, 49–80. Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI |
| La Free, G. L. (2011). Generating terrorism occasion data bases: outcomes from the global terrorism database, 1970–2008. University Park, MD: university of Maryland. Google Scholar |
| Lacina, B., Gleditsch, N. P. (2005). Security trends in global combat: A new dataset of battle deaths. European journal of Population, 21, 145–166. Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI |
| Lake, D. A. (2002). Reasonable extremism: understanding terrorism in the twenty-first century. Dialog-IO, 1, 15–29. Google Scholar | Crossref |
| Lujala, P., Gleditsch, N. P., Gilmore, E. (2005). A diamond curse? civil war and a lootable resource. Journal of problem Resolution, 49, 538–563. Google Scholar | SAGE journals | ISI |
| Marshall, M., Jaggers, K., Gurr, T. R. (2011). Object IV project: Dataset users’ manual. Retrieved indigenous http://www.systemicpeace.org/inscr/p4manualv2012.pdfGoogle Scholar |
| Negroponte, D. V. (2012). Seeking peace in El Salvador: The battle to reconstruct a nation at the finish of the cold war. Basingstoke, England: Palgrave Macmillan. Google Scholar | Crossref |
| Neumann, P. (2007). Negotiating v terrorists. Foreign Affairs, 86, 128–139. Google Scholar |
| Newman, E., Richmond, O. (2006). The affect of spoiler on peace processes and also peacebuilding (UN college Policy short No. 2). Tokyo, Japan: United countries University Press. Google Scholar |
| Nilsson, D. (2010). Turning weakness into strength: armed forces capabilities, lot of rebel groups and negotiated settlements. Conflict Management and also Peace Science, 27, 253–271. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals |
| Pape, R. A. (2003). The strategy logic of suicide terrorism. American Political scientific research Review, 97, 343–361. Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI |
| Piazza, J. A. (2008). A supply-side view of self-destruction terrorism: A cross-national study. Journal of Politics, 70, 28–39. Google Scholar | Crossref |
| Pillar, P. R. (1983). Negotiating peace: War discontinuation as a bargaining process. Princeton, NJ: Princeton college Press. Google Scholar | Crossref |
| Regan, P. M., Frank, R. W., Aysegul, A. (2009). Diplomatic interventions and civil war: A brand-new dataset. Journal of peace Research, 46, 135–146. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals |
| Regan, P. M., Stam, A. C. (2000). In the nick that time: dispute management, mediation timing, and also the duration of federal government disputes. Global Studies Quarterly, 44, 239–260. Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI |
| Ross, M. (2006). A closer look at oil, diamonds, and civil war. Annual Review of political Science, 9, 265–300. Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI |
| Sandler, T. (2003). Collective action and transnational terrorism. World Economy, 26, 779–802. Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI |
| Savun, B. (2009). Mediator kind and efficiency of information-provision techniques in the resolution of international conflict. In Bercovitch, J., Gartner, S. (Eds.), International dispute mediation: brand-new approaches and findings (pp. 96–114). London, NY: Routledge. Google Scholar |
| Schwarzer, G. (1998). The relaxed settlement of interstate conflict: Saar, Austria, and Berlin. Journal of peace Research, 35, 743–757. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals |
| Stedman, S. J. (1996). Negotiation and mediation in interior conflicts. In Brown, M. E. (Ed.), The international dimensions of internal conflict (pp. 341–377). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. Google Scholar |
| Stedman, S. J. (1997). Spoiler difficulties in tranquility processes. International Security, 22, 5–53. Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI |
| Stedman, S. J. (2000). Spoiler troubles in tranquility processes. In Stern, P., Druckman, D. (Eds.), International dispute resolution after ~ the cold war (pp. 178–221). Nationwide Research Council. Washington, DC: The nationwide Academies Press. Google Scholar |
| Svensson, I. (2007). Bargaining, bias and also peace brokers: just how rebels commit come peace. Newspaper of peace Research, 44, 177–194. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals |
| Thomas, J. (2014). Rewarding bad behavior: How governments respond to terrorism in polite war. American newspaper of political Science, 58, 804–818. Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI |
| Toros, H. (2008). We don’t negotiate with terrorists: Legitimacy and also complexity in terrorist conflicts. Protection Dialogue, 38, 407–426. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals |
| Wallensteen, P., DeRouen, K., Bercovitch, J., Möller, F. (2009). Democracy and mediation in territorial civil battles in south-east Asia and the southern Pacific. Asia Europe Journal, 7, 241–264. Google Scholar | Crossref |
| Weinstein, J. M. (2007). Within rebellion: The politics of insurgent violence. Cambridge, MA: Cambridge university Press. Google Scholar |
| Wiggins, V., Poi, B. (2010, 8). Bivariate probit with partial observability and also a solitary dependent variable. Stata FAQ. Retrieved indigenous http://www.stata.com/support/faqs/statistics/bivariate-probit-with-partial-observability/Google Scholar |
| Wilkenfeld, J., Young, K. J., Quinn, D. M., Asal, V. (2005). Mediating international crises. Brand-new York, NY: Routledge. Google Scholar |
| Wilkerson, M. (2008). Security and democracy in El Salvador: an undeniable connection. Stanford newspaper of international Relations, 10, 32–41. Google Scholar |
| Wilkinson, P. (2006). Terrorism versus democracy: The liberal state response. London, NY: Routledge. Google Scholar | Crossref |
| Wood, R. M. (2010). Rebel capability and strategic violence against civilians. Journal of peace Research, 47, 601–614. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals |
| Zahar, M.-J. (2001). Protégés, clients, cannon fodder: Civilians in the calculus of militias. In Adebajo, A., Sriram, C. L. (Eds.), Managing equipped conflicts in the 21st century (pp. 107–129). London, England: candid Cass. Google Scholar |
| Zahar, M.-J. (2010). SRSG mediation in polite wars: Revisiting the “Spoiler” debate. Global Governance, 16, 265–280. Google Scholar |
| Zartman, I. W. (1989). Ripe because that resolution: Conflict and intervention in Africa. Oxford, England: Oxford university Press. Google Scholar |
| Zartman, I. W. (1993). The loose agenda: Negotiating interior conflicts. In Licklider, R. (Ed.), avoiding the killing: how civil wars finish (pp. 20–35). New York: new York university Press. Google Scholar |
| Zartman, I. W. (2000). Ripeness: The hurting stalemate and beyond. In Stern, P. C., Druckman, D. (Eds.), International dispute resolution after the cold battle (pp. 225–250). Washington, DC: nationwide Academy Press. See more: ____________ Determine(S) 70% Of Our Body Weight And Shape., Determine(S) 70% Of Our Body Weight And Shape Google Scholar |
Overview
Download for all your complexity, there is a logic and rationale embedded in American institutions and political processes. Currently in its second edition, reasonable of American national politics is a refreshingly obtainable and engaging publication that explores this underlying logic and also leads readers toward a an ext nuanced and advanced understanding of American government.
The logic Of American national politics 7th edition Pdf Download Free
